Journal of Advanced in Medicinal, Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research (JAMPBR)

Abstract Background: Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and the stress and anxiety associated with hospitalization in coronary care units can significantly impact patients’ quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of nursing interventions based on the Peplau model on stress levels and quality of life in patients with ischemic heart disease admitted to cardiac intensive care units.

Methods: : : A quasi-experimental, two-group study was conducted with 70 patients diagnosed with ischemic heart disease, admitted to the CCUs of hospitals in Shahrkord in 2023. Participants were consecutively selected using convenience sampling based on predefined inclusion criteria from two units, which were then randomly allocated into intervention and control groups via simple randomization. In addition to receiving routine care, the intervention group was provided with nursing care structured around the Peplau model, encompassing the phases of orientation, working, and termination. Data collection instruments included Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale and the McNew Quality of Life Questionnaire. Measurements were taken at three time points: prior to the intervention, immediately after, and three months following the intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.

Results: The mean age of participants was 52.83 ± 9.90 years in the intervention group and 55.09 ± 8.90 years in the control group. Significant differences in mean stress scores were observed in the intervention group both immediately and three months post-intervention compared to the control group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Nursing interventions guided by the Peplau model significantly reduced stress and enhanced quality of life in patients with ischemic heart disease. This model shows promise as an effective framework for delivering nursing care in cardiac intensive care settings.

Abstract Introduction: The study showed that infertility was relatively uncommon among married FMF patients, with no meaningful differences across age, sex, or residential subgroups. Fertility patterns remained largely stable, suggesting that well controlled FMF—particularly under regular colchicine therapy—does not substantially impair reproductive outcomes. These findings highlight reassuring reproductive expectations for patients receiving consistent, effective management.

Material and methods: This cross sectional study evaluated infertility among married FMF patients using convenience sampling at Kowsar Clinic, Ardabil. Sixty three participants were enrolled based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected through structured interviews and clinical record reviews, covering demographics, FMF characteristics, and reproductive history.

Results: Our cohort exhibited a dominant M694V genetic profile, with M694V homozygosity being the most frequent MEFV mutation, alongside other homozygous and compound heterozygous variants. Fertility outcomes demonstrated that M694V and V726A homozygotes were highly represented among fertile individuals, with infertility appearing dispersed and without specific genotypic clusters. Age distribution across mutation types was largely consistent, though “No genetic testing” and severe genotypes showed some variations, highlighting the genetic heterogeneity and the need for comprehensive screening.

Conclusion: This study reveals a heterogeneous MEFV mutational landscape dominated by M694V in FMF patients. Crucially, no direct association between specific MEFV genotypes and infertility was identified, suggesting other factors may predominantly influence reproductive outcomes.

Abstract Background: Burn injury and traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently require anesthesia for life-saving or reconstructive procedures. Early postoperative and post-anesthetic management is pivotal to prevent secondary insults (hypoxia, hypotension, hypo-perfusion, inadequate analgesia/sedation) and to optimize recovery.

Objective: To synthesize current evidence and guideline-based recommendations for post-anesthesia care in adult patients with major burns and moderate-to-severe TBI, focusing on airway/ventilation, hemodynamics and fluid therapy, analgesia/sedation, neuroprotection, wound/skin care, thromboprophylaxis, nutrition, and early mobilization/rehabilitation.

Data sources: PubMed/Medline, guideline repositories (American Burn Association, Brain Trauma Foundation, American College of Surgeons), and peer-reviewed reviews (January 2016–August 2025).

Study selection: Guidelines, systematic reviews, randomized or comparative studies, and authoritative clinical overviews relevant to post-anesthesia management of burns and TBI.

Results: For burns, priorities include definitive airway for inhalation injury, lung-protective ventilation, judicious crystalloids guided by dynamic endpoints (urine output, lactate, hemodynamics), multimodal/regionally augmented analgesia, infection prevention, early excision and grafting, high-protein nutrition, and early rehab. For TBI, key elements are prevention of hypotension and hypoxia, maintenance of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), targeted sedation/analgesia to control intracranial pressure (ICP), normocapnia and normoxia, early nutrition, DVT prophylaxis timing, and avoidance of secondary brain injury triggers.

Conclusions: Post-anesthetic care is protocolizable and should be tailored to injury pattern and physiology. Updated ABA and TBI best-practice guidelines provide strong anchors; where evidence is evolving (e.g., choice/dose of sedatives, hyperosmolar agents), local protocols should standardize monitoring and escalation thresholds.

Abstract Lip augmentation using dermal fillers has become one of the most commonly performed procedures in aesthetic medicine, offering minimally invasive volumization and contour enhancement. Despite its widespread use, the safety profile, clinical outcomes, and complication rates of various filler materials remain subjects of ongoing debate. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the existing evidence on the efficacy and safety of dermal fillers used specifically for lip augmentation. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for studies published between 2000 and 2025. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case series with at least 20 participants, and comparative analyses evaluating clinical outcomes, patient satisfaction, durability, and adverse events related to lip fillers. Data were extracted using a standardized template, and the quality of studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. A total of 37 studies encompassing 4,862 patients were included. Overall patient satisfaction rates were high (pooled estimate: 87%), and the mean duration of augmentation effect ranged from 6 to 12 months depending on filler type. Hyaluronic acid fillers demonstrated the most favorable balance between durability and safety. The overall complication rate was 11.6%, with mild and transient issues such as swelling and bruising being the most commonly reported. Serious complications—including vascular occlusion, granuloma formation, and delayed hypersensitivity—were rare (0.3%). Heterogeneity across studies was moderate to high. The findings suggest that lip augmentation with dermal fillers is generally safe and effective when performed by experienced practitioners using evidence-based techniques. However, variability in study methodologies underscores the need for standardized outcome measures and long-term evaluations.

Abstract Cheek volumization has become a central component of contemporary facial rejuvenation, addressing age-related midface volume loss and improving facial contour. While multiple dermal filler types—most notably hyaluronic acid (HA), calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA), and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA)—are widely used for midface augmentation, clinical uncertainty persists regarding their relative effectiveness and safety. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare aesthetic outcomes, durability, patient satisfaction, and complication rates among different filler categories used for cheek volumization.

A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library was conducted up to January 2025. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, prospective or retrospective clinical cohorts, and comparative observational studies evaluating cheek volumization outcomes using at least two filler types. Data on volume retention, validated aesthetic scales, duration of effect, adverse events, and patient satisfaction were extracted. Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model.

A total of 27 studies involving 2,964 patients met the inclusion criteria. Results demonstrated that CaHA exhibited the greatest long-term volumizing effect at 12–18 months, while HA offered the highest early aesthetic improvement and lowest complication rate. PLLA showed superior durability (up to 24 months) but required multiple treatment sessions and had a higher incidence of delayed papules. Meta-analysis revealed statistically significant differences between filler types in durability (p < 0.001), volume retention (p = 0.02), and early aesthetic scores (p = 0.01). Safety profiles varied, with HA fillers demonstrating the lowest overall adverse event rate.

These findings suggest that optimal filler selection should be individualized: HA for natural, reversible, low-risk enhancement; CaHA for robust midface projection; and PLLA for long-lasting structural augmentation. Further standardized trials are needed to refine filler selection algorithms and long-term outcomes.

Abstract Introduction: Acute anterior myocardial infarction is associated with extensive myocardial damage and adverse clinical outcomes, highlighting the need for simple electrocardiographic markers of disease severity. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between P‑wave peak time difference and the extent of coronary artery involvement, as defined by the number of affected vessels, in patients experiencing a first anterior myocardial infarction.

Material and methods: This descriptive cross‑sectional study was conducted at Shahid Madani Heart Hospital, Tabriz, Iran, from the beginning to the end of 2023. Using a census sampling method, 82 patients with first acute anterior myocardial infarction undergoing primary PCI were enrolled. Standard admission electrocardiograms and coronary angiography findings were analyzed to assess P‑wave peak time difference in relation to coronary vessel involvement.

Results: In this cohort, prolonged total ischemic time (P=0.024) and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (P<0.001) distinguished the no reflow group. ANCOVA revealed that P wave peak time difference (PWPTD) was independently associated with no reflow (P=0.045) and with ST segment resolution >50% (P=0.042), linking atrial conduction delay to impaired microvascular reperfusion and electrical recovery.

Conclusion: The present analysis underscores that the no‑reflow phenomenon after primary PCI is primarily characterized by extended ischemic duration and more severe left ventricular dysfunction, rather than by conventional demographic or laboratory parameters. Importantly, the study identifies P‑wave peak time difference as a novel electrophysiological marker that is independently associated with both no‑reflow and inadequate ST‑segment resolution